Invasive alien plants in China
A book listing invasive alien plants in China has recently been published. The alien plants considered to be the most invasive according to the authors are listed in the table below with their origin, presence in the EPPO region (according to the DAISIE database) and overall distribution in China:
|
Species
|
Origin
|
Present in the EPPO region
|
Distribution in China
|
|
Ageratum conyzoides (Asteraceae)
|
S-Am.
|
Only reported in Madeira (PT)
|
Widespread in the Southern provinces
|
|
Amaranthus paniculatus (Amaranthaceae)
|
Am.
|
Yes
|
Very limited distribution
|
|
Alternanthera philoxeroides (Amaranthaceae, EPPO List of Invasive Alien Plants)
|
S-Am.
|
Yes
|
Widespread in Southern and Eastern provinces
|
|
Amaranthus retroflexus (Amaranthaceae)
|
N-Am.
|
Yes
|
Very widespread
|
|
Amaranthus spinosus (Amaranthaceae)
|
Am.
|
Yes
|
Widespread
|
|
Ambrosia artemisiifolia (Asteraceae, EPPO List of Invasive Alien Plants)
|
N-Am.
|
Yes
|
Widespread, except in Central and Western China
|
|
Ambrosia trifida (Asteraceae, EPPO Alert list)
|
N-Am.
|
Yes
|
Moderately widespread, present in Northern and Eastern provinces
|
|
Ageratina adenophora (Asteraceae)
|
N-Am.
|
Yes
|
Moderately widespread, present in South-Western provinces
|
|
Bidens frondosa (Asteraceae)
|
N-Am.
|
Yes
|
Limited, present in Eastern provinces
|
|
Bidens pilosa (Asteraceae)
|
Am.
|
Yes
|
Widespread, except in Northern provinces
|
|
Cenchrus echinatus (Poaecae)
|
Am.
|
Not recorded
|
Limited to Southern provinces
|
|
Conyza bonariensis (Asteraceae)
|
S-Am.
|
Yes
|
Widespread, except in Northern provinces
|
|
Conyza canadensis (Asteraceae)
|
N-Am.
|
Yes
|
Widespread, except in Southern and Western provinces
|
|
Conyza sumatrensis (Asteraceae)
|
S-Am.
|
Yes
|
Widespread, except in Northern provinces
|
|
Dysphania ambrosiodes (Dysphaniaceae)
|
Am.
|
Yes
|
Widespread
|
|
Eichhornia crassipes (Pontederiaceae, EPPO List of IAP)
|
S-Am.
|
Yes
|
Widespread
|
|
Eupatorium odoratum (Asteraceae) (= Chromolaeana odorata)
|
Am.
|
Not recorded
|
Moderately widespread, present in Southern provinces
|
|
Erigeron annus (Asteraceae)
|
N-Am.
|
Yes
|
Very widespread
|
|
Flaveria bidentis (Asteraceae)
|
S-Am.
|
Transient in ES, FR, HU
|
Limited, only in Eastern Central provinces
|
|
Galinsoga parviflora (Asteraceae)
|
Am.
|
Yes
|
Widespread, except in Eastern provinces
|
|
Gaura parviflora (Onagraceae)
|
N-Am.
|
Not recorded
|
Limited to the Eastern provinces
|
|
Ipomoea cairica (Convolvulaceae)
|
Af., As., Australasia
|
Not recorded
|
Limited distribution in Southern provinces
|
|
Ipomoea purpurea (Convolvulaceae)
|
S-Am.
|
Yes
|
Widespread
|
|
Leucaena leucocephala (Fabaceae)
|
Am.
|
Only recorded in Spain (including Islas Canarias) and Madeira (PT)
|
Moderately widespread in Southern provinces
|
|
Lolium temulentum (Poaceae)
|
Eur.
|
Yes
|
Widespread
|
|
Mikania micrantha (Asteraceae)
|
Am.
|
Not recorded
|
Very limited, only present in the South
|
|
Mimosa diplotricha (Fabaceae)
|
Am.
|
Not recorded
|
Limited distribution in Southern provinces
|
|
Mimosa sepiaria (Fabaceae)
|
S-Am.
|
Not recorded
|
Limited distribution in Southern provinces
|
|
Parthenium hysterophorus (Asteraceae, EPPO A2 List)
|
Am.
|
Only recorded in IL
|
Limited distribution in Southern provinces
|
|
Paspalum conjugatum (Asteraceae)
|
Am.
|
Not recorded
|
Moderately widespread in Southern and Eastern provinces
|
|
Pistia stratiotes (Araceae, EPPO List of IAP)
|
Cosmop.
|
Yes
|
Widespread
|
|
Praxelis clematidea (Asteraceae)
|
S-Am.
|
Not recorded
|
Very limited, only present in the South
|
|
Solanum aculeatissimum (Solanaceae)
|
Af., S-Am.
|
Not recorded
|
Moderately widespread in the Southern provinces
|
|
Solanum rostratum (Solanaceae)
|
N-Am.
|
Yes
|
Limited distribution
|
|
Solanum rudepannum (= S. torvum) (Solanaceae)
|
Am.
|
Only recorded in Sicilia (IT)
|
Limited distribution in the Southern provinces
|
|
Solidago canadensis (Asteraceae, EPPO List of IAP)
|
N-Am.
|
Yes
|
Widespread, except in Central and Northern provinces
|
|
Sorghum halepense (Poaceae)
|
Af., As.
|
Yes
|
Moderately widespread in Southern and Eastern provinces
|
|
Symphyotrichum subulatum (Asteraceae)
|
Am.
|
Yes
|
Widespread in Southern provinces
|
|
Spartina alterniflora (Poaceae)
|
Am.
|
Yes
|
Limited to Eastern provinces
|
|
Spartina anglica (Poaceae)
|
Eur.
|
Yes
|
Limited to Eastern provinces
|
|
Tithonia diversifolia (Asteraceae)
|
Am.
|
Not recorded
|
Limited to Southern provinces
|
|
Tridax procumbens (Asteraceae)
|
Am.
|
Yes
|
Limited to Southern provinces
|
|
Xanthium orientale subsp. italicum (Asteraceae)
|
Cosmop.
|
Yes
|
Limited distribution
|
It appears that most invasive alien plants in China originate from the Americas and that some species may represent emerging invasive alien species for the EPPO region: Ageratum conyzoides, Cenchrus echinatus, Eupatorium odoratum, Flaveria bidentis, Gaura parviflora, Ipomoea cairica, Leucaena leucocephala, Mikania micrantha, Mimosa diplotricha, Mimosa sepiaria, Paspalum conjugatum, Praxelis clematidea, Solanum aculeatissimum, Solanum rudepannum and Tithonia diversifolia.
Sources
Delivering Alien Invasive Species Inventories in Europe. http://www.europe-aliens.org/
Wan F, Liu Q, XIE M (2012) Biological Invasions: Color Illustrations of Invasive Alien Plants in China. China Science Publishing Group, 303 pp.