New Phytophthora species
A recent paper (Tibor, 2009) provides useful data about the new species of Phytophthora which have been described during the period 2006 – 2008. The following information has been extracted from the EPPO Secretariat:
Phytophthora alticola and Phytophthora frigida
Isolated from Eucalyptus spp. trees in South African plantations (see EPPO RS 2009/007).
Phytophthora andina
Isolated from Solanum muricatum from the highlands of Ecuador. P. andina is closely related to P. infestans. It is supposed that P. andina might have arisen via hybridization between P. infestans and P. mirabilis.
Phytophthora asparagi
Isolated from Asparagus officinalis in Michigan (US) affected by root and spear rot. A similar disease of asparagus, probably caused by this new species, has also been observed in Europe (France, United Kingdom) and in New Zealand. P. asparagi was found in Sicilia (IT) causing bud and heart rot of Agave attenuata.
Phytophthora austrocedrae
Isolated from dying Austrocedrus chilensis in Patagonia, Argentina (see EPPO RS 2009/007).
Phytophthora bisheria
Isolated from rosaceous crops from different continents. P. bisheria was found associated with root rot on strawberry (Fragaria ananassa) in North Carolina (US), root rot of roses (Rosa sp.) in the Netherlands, and root rot of raspberry (Rubus idaeus) in Knoxfield, Australia.
Phytophthora gallica
Isolated from the rhizosphere of a declining oak (Quercus robur, Fagaceae) forest stand in northeastern France, and from a declining reed stand (Phragmites australis, Poaceae) near the Lake of Constance in southwestern Germany.
Phytophthora parsiana
First isolated from the crown of declining fig trees (Ficus carica) in Southern Iran. Other isolates were then identified on pistachio trees (Pistacia vera) from Iran and the USA, and almond (Prunus dulcis) from Greece.
Phytophthora pinifolia
Isolated from dying Pinus radiata in Chile (EPPO Alert List, see EPPO RS 2009/006).
Phytophthora polonica
Isolated from the rhizosphere of declining Alnus glutinosa stands in Poland (P. polonica is distinct from P. alni).
Phytophthora quercetorum
Isolated from soil in oak forests in the USA (Maryland, Minnesota, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Wisconsin, West Virginia). Preliminary tests suggested that P. quercetorum had the potential to affect root systems of oak trees (see EPPO RS 2009/007).
Phytophthora siskiyouensis
Isolated from soil, water, blighted shoots of Umbellaria californica, and bark cankers of Lithocarpus densiflorus in southwestern Oregon (US).
Sources
Tibor E (2009) [Novel Phytophthora spp. described in the past two years]. Növényvédelem 45(2), 57-62 (in Hungarian).
Abad ZG, Abad JA, Coffey MD, Oudemans PV, Man in ’t Veld WA, de Gruyter H, Cunnington J, Louws FJ (2008) Phytophthora bisheria sp. nov., a new species identified in isolates from the Rosaceous raspberry, rose and strawberry in three continents. Mycologia 100(1), 99-110.
Balci Y, Balci S, Blair J, Park SY, Kang S, Macdonald WL (2008) Phytophthora quercetorum sp. nov., a novel species isolated from eastern and north-central USA oak forest soils. Mycological Research 112(8) 906-916.
Cacciola SO, Pane A, Raudino F, Chimento A, Scibetta S, Davino S, Magnano Di San Lio G (2008) Bud and heart rot of fox tail Agave (Agave attenuata) caused by Phytophthora asparagi. Journal of Plant Pathology 88(3S), p S34.
Durán A, Gryzenshout M, Slippers B, Ahumada R, Rotella A, Flores F, Wingfield BD, Wingfield MJ (2008) Phytophthora pinifolia sp. nov. associated with a serious needle disease of Pinus radiata in Chile. Plant Pathology 57(4), 715-727.
Filip GM, Rosso PH (1999) Cypress mortality (mal del cipres) in the Patagonian Andes: comparisons with similar forest diseases and declines in North America. European Journal of Forest Pathology 29(2), 89-96.
Gómez-Alpizar L, Hu CH, Oliva R, Forbes G, Ristaino JB (2008) Phylogenetic relationships of Phytophthora andina, a new species from the highlands of Ecuador that is closely related to the Irish potato famine pathogen Phytophthora infestans. Mycologia 100(4), 590-602.
Green KR, Dyer W, Falloon PG, Cooke DEL, Chimento A (2008) Management of Phytophthora rot on UK asparagus crops. Acta Horticulturae 776, 175-182.
Greslebin AG, Hansen EM, Sutton W (2007) Phytophthora austrocedrae sp. nov., a new species associated with Austrocedrus chilensis mortality in Patagonia (Argentina). Mycological Research 111(3), 308-316.
Jung T, Nechwatal J (2008) Phytophthora gallica sp. nov., a new species from rhizosphere soil of declining oak and reed stands in France and Germany. Mycological Research 112(10), 1195-1205.
Lassaad B, Moralejo E, Calmin G, Oszako T, García J, Descals E, Lefort F (2006) Phytophthora polonica, a new species isolated from declining Alnus glutinosa stands in Poland. FEMS Microbiology Letters 261(2), 165-174.
Maseko B, Burgess TI, Continho TA, Wingfield MJ (2007) Two new Phytophthora species from South African Eucalyptus plantations. Mycological Research 111(11), 1321-1338.
Mostowfizadeh-Ghalamfarsa R, Cook DEL, Banihashemi Z (2008) Phytophthora parsiana sp. nov., a new high-temperature tolerant species. Mycological Research 112(7), 783-794.
Reeser PW, Hansen EM, Sutton W (2007) Phytophthora siskiyouensis, a new species from soil, water, myrtlewood (Umbellularia californica) and tanoak (Lithocarpus densiflorus) in southwestern Oregon. Mycologia 99(5), 639-643.
Saude C, Hurtado-Gonzales OP, Lamour KH, Hausbeck MK (2008) Occurrence and characterization of a Phytophthora sp. pathogenic to asparagus (Asparagus officinalis) in Michigan. Phytopathology 98(10), 1075-1083.