Pest Risk Analyses for French overseas departments
The CIRAD (Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement) and the NPPO of France have conducted simplified Pest Risk Assessments on alien plants for the French overseas departments. These species are listed below with their families, origin, distribution in the EPPO region when available, and conclusions of the risk assessments for the French overseas departments about the probability and pathways of introduction, impact and level of uncertainty.
|
Species
|
Origin
|
EPPO
|
Introduction
Probability - Pathways |
Impact
|
Uncert
|
|
Ageratina riparia (Asteraceae)
|
C-Am.
|
Madeira (PT)
|
High - Horticulture
|
High
|
Medium
|
|
Ailanthus altissima (Simaroubaceae) (EPPO List of IAP)
|
E-China
|
Widespread
|
High - Hort., Forestry
|
Medium to High
|
Low
|
|
Alstonia macrophylla (Apocynaceae)
|
SE Asia
|
/
|
Medium - Forestry
|
Medium
|
Low
|
|
Alternanthera philoxeroides (Amaranthaceae) (Alert List)
|
Temp. S-Am.
|
FR, IT
|
High
|
High
|
Low
|
|
Arundo donax (Poaceae)
|
Asia
|
Widespread
|
High - Hort.
|
High
|
Low
|
|
Asparagus spp. (Asparagaceae) (A. afrianus, A. asparagoides, A. declinatus, A. densiflorus, A. plumosus, A. scandens, etc.)
|
Af.
|
Absent or limited distribution
|
High - Hort.
|
High
|
Low
|
|
Austroeupatorium inulaefolium (Asteraceae)
|
C ; S-Am.
|
/
|
High - Hort.
|
High
|
Low
|
|
Boehmeria macrophyla (= B. penduliflora) (Urticaceae)
|
Temp ; trop Asia
|
/
|
Medium
|
Medium
|
High
|
|
Buddleia asiatica (Buddleiaceae)
|
Temp ; trop E-Asia
|
/
|
High - Hort.
|
Medium
|
Medium
|
|
Calluna vulgaris (Ericaceae)
|
Eurasia, Medit.
|
Indigenous
|
High - Hort.
|
High
|
Low
|
|
Calotropis procera (Asclepiadaceae)
|
Asia, Middle east, Africa
|
/
|
High - Hort.
|
Medium
|
Low
|
|
Cardiospermum grandiflorum (Sapindaceae)
|
C ; S-Am.
|
IT, Madeira (PT)
|
High - Hort.
|
High
|
Low
|
|
Carpobrotus edulis (Aizoaceae) EPPO List of IAP
|
S-Af.
|
Widespread
|
High - Hort.
|
High
|
Low
|
|
Cecropia peltata (Cecropiaceae)
|
C Am., Caribbean
|
/
|
High - Hort.
|
Medium
|
Medium
|
|
Eupatorium odoratum
( =Chromolaena odorata)(Asteraceae)
|
Trop ; sub trop Am.
|
/
|
High - Hort.
|
High
|
/
|
|
Cinchona pubescens (Rubiaceae)
|
S-Am.
|
/
|
Medium - Hort.
|
High
|
Low
|
|
Citharexylum caudatum (Verbenaceae)
|
C-Am., Antilles
|
/
|
High - Hort.
|
High
|
Low
|
|
Cortaderia spp. (Poaceae) (C. selloana EPPO List of IAP, C. jubata)
|
S-Am.
|
C. selloana widespread, C. jubata no record
|
High - Hort.
|
High
|
Low
|
|
Cryptostegia grandiflora (Asclepiadaceae)
|
Madagascar
|
/
|
High - Hort.
|
High
|
Low
|
|
Cyathea cooperi (Cyatheaceae)
|
Australia
|
/
|
High - Hort.
|
Medium
|
Low
|
|
Egeria densa (Hydrocharitaceae - EPPO List of IAP)
|
S-Am.
|
Widespread
|
Medium - Aquarium
|
High
|
Low
|
|
Erica lusitanica (Ericaceae)
|
SW Europe
|
Indigenous
|
High - ;Hort.
|
High
|
Low
|
|
Fuchsia magellanica (Onagraceae)
|
S-Am.
|
IE, UK, Azores, Madeira (PT)
|
High - Hort.
|
High
|
Low
|
|
Grevillea banksii (Proteaceae)
|
Australia
|
/
|
High - Hort.
|
High
|
Low
|
|
Hiptage benghalensis (Malpighiaceae)
|
Asia, India
|
/
|
High - Hort.
|
High
|
Low
|
|
Imperata cylindrica (Poaceae)
|
Trop Asia ; Africa, Europe
|
Indigenous
|
High - °Pasture plant, Hort.
|
High
|
Low
|
|
Ligustrum robustum subsp. walkeri (Oleaceae)
|
S India, Sri Lanka
|
/
|
Medium - Hort.
|
High
|
Medium
|
|
Litsea glutinosa (Lauraceae)
|
India, Asia, Australia
|
/
|
High, Hort. Forestry.
|
High
|
Low
|
|
Lygodium microphyllum (Lygodiaceae)
|
N ; S-Am.
|
/
|
High - Hort.
|
High
|
/
|
|
Lythrum salicaria (Lythraceae)
|
Eurasia
|
Indigenous
|
High - Hort.
|
Medium
|
Low
|
|
Medinilla cummingii (Melastomataceae)
|
Philippines, Indonesia
|
/
|
High, Hort.
|
High
|
Medium
|
|
Miconia calvescens (Melastomataceae)
|
Am.
|
/
|
Low to High - Hort.
|
Low to High
|
Low to medium
|
|
Mikania cordata (Asteraceae)
|
Africa, temp ; trop Asia, Pacific
|
/
|
Medium - Hort.
|
Low to High
|
Medium
|
|
Mimosa pigra (Fabaceae)
|
Trop. Am.
|
/
|
High - Hort.
|
High
|
Low
|
|
Myrica faya (Myricaceae)
|
Macaronesia
|
PT
|
Medium - Hort.
|
High
|
Low
|
|
Opuntia stricta (Cactaceae)
|
S-Am.
|
ES, FR, IT
|
Medium - Hort.
|
Medium to High
|
Medium
|
|
Ossaea marginata (Melastomataceae)
|
S-Am.
|
/
|
Medium - contaminant
|
High
|
Medium
|
|
Passiflora coerulea (Passifloraceae)
|
S-Am.
|
Azores (PT), CY, ES, FR (incl. Corse), IT, Madeira (PT), MT,
|
High - Hort.
|
Medium
|
Medium
|
|
Pennisetum setaceum (Poaceae – Alert List)
|
Africa, Middle East
|
Partly indigenous, FR, IT, ES
|
High - Hort.
|
Medium
|
Low
|
|
Pereskia aculeata (Cactaceae)
|
C ; S Am.
|
/
|
High - Hort.
|
Medium
|
Low
|
|
Pueraria lobata var. montana (Fabaceae) (A2 List)
|
SE Asia
|
CH, IT
|
High - Hort.
|
High
|
Medium
|
|
Rubus alceifolius (Rosaceae)
|
SE Asia, Malaysia
|
/
|
Medium - Hort.
|
Medium to High
|
Low
|
|
Solanum elaeagnifolium (Solanaceae – A2 List)
|
N ; C Am.
|
AL, HR, CY, ES, FR, GR, IL, IT, MK, MA, RS, ME, SY, TU
|
Medium - contaminant
|
Low to medium
|
Medium
|
|
Solanum mauritianum (Solanaceae)
|
S-Am.
|
Azores (PT), FR, Madeira (PT)
|
High - Hort.
|
High
|
Low
|
|
Wikstroemia indica (Thymelaeaceae)
|
Asia, Australia
|
/
|
Low to High - Forestry
|
Medium to High
|
Medium
|
|
Zantedeschia aethiopica (Araceae)
|
S-Af.
|
Baleares (ES), FR (incl. Corse), IE, IT, , PT (incl. Azores, Madeira), UK
|
High - Hort.
|
High
|
Low
|
Sources
Le Bourgeois T, Camou R, Ehret P (2006) Analyses de risque phytosanitaire. Appui à la rédaction de la réglementation spécifique aux départments d’outre mer. Poseidom, Cirad, Dgal-Sdqpv. Cas des plantes envahissantes. CD-Rom.
For further information, you can contact Thomas Le Bourgeois at thomas.le_bourgeois@cirad.fr