Tentative geographical distribution lists for Meloidogyne chitwoodi and M. fallax
Meloidogyne chitwoodi (EPPO A2 quarantine pest) was first described in USA in 1980. In USA, it is widespread in the western states, and there is one report from the eastern part in Virginia. In Europe, it was first found in the Netherlands in the 1980s, but after re-examining old collections, it was felt that it may have been present there since the 1930s. Information from other European countries is scarce, and its distribution may be larger than previously thought. In addition, a new species M. fallax has recently been described in the Netherlands, which was previously thought to be a new race of M. chitwoodi. The EPPO Secretariat has tried to work out tentative geographical distribution lists for the two species; although further information is needed, especially concerning the situation in Europe.
Meloidogyne chitwoodi
Europe: Belgium, Germany (EPPO RS 96/205, but M. chitwoodi sensu lato), Netherlands (EPPO RS 514/15, 1991)
Africa: South Africa (Kleynhans, 1991)
North America: Mexico (Eisenback et al., 1986), USA (California, Colorado, Idaho, Nevada, Utah, Oregon, Virginia, Washington - Walters ; Barker, 1994; Eisenback et al., 1986)
South America: Argentina (Tiilikkala et al., 1995)
Meloidogyne fallax
Europe: Netherlands (EPPO RS 97/001), France (in one glasshouse, EPPO RS 97/002). In Germany, no conclusion can be given yet on whether M. chitwoodi sensu stricto or M. fallax is present.
Sources
Eisenback; J.D.; Stomberg, E.L.; McCoy, M.S. (1985) First report of the Columbia root-knot-nematode (Meloidogyne chitwoodi) in Virginia.
Plant Disease, 70(8), p 801.
Kleynhans, K.P.N. (1991) The root-knot nematodes of South Africa.
Technical Communication, Department of Agricultural Development, South Africa, no. 231, 61 pp.
Tiilikkala, K.; Carter, T.; Heikinheimo, M.; Venäläinen, A. (1995) Pest risk analysis of Meloidogyne chitwoodi for Finland.
Bulletin OEPP/EPPO Bulletin, 25(3), 419-435.
Walters, S.A. Barker, K.R. (1994) Current distribution of five major Meloidogyne species in the United States.
Plant Disease, 78(8), 772-774.