New data on quarantine pests and pests of the EPPO Alert List
By searching through the literature, the EPPO Secretariat has extracted the following new data concerning quarantine pests and pests included (or formerly included) on the EPPO Alert List, and indicated in bold the situation of the pest concerned using the terms of ISPM 8.
- New records
In China in 2022, the potato cyst nematode, Globodera rostochiensis (EPPO A2 List) was detected for the first time in Sichuan and Yunnan provinces. Surveys conducted from 2018 to 2020 in Guizhou province also detected Globodera rostochiensis in potato fields (Peng et al., 2022).
Xylosandrus crassiusculus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae - formerly EPPO Alert List) is reported for the first time from Switzerland. Its presence was officially confirmed in the canton of Ticino in September 2022. It is noted that in the past, one specimen had been observed in 2013 and another one in 2019 also in Ticino (NPPO of Switzerland, 2022).
The pest status of Xylosandrus crassiusculus in Switzerland is officially declared as: Present, only in some parts of the Member State concerned.
- Detailed records
In Japan Anoplophora glabripennis (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae – EPPO A2 List) has been recorded in several prefectures in the island of Honshu: Hyogo (region of Kansai), Aichi and Toyama (region of Chubu), Saitama and Ibiraki (region of Kanto), Fukushima and Miyagi (region of Tohoku). The pest was also recorded on two new host plants: Cercidiphyllum japonicum and Cerasus × yedoensis (syn. Prunus × yedoensis) (Sunamura et al., 2022).
In the USA, Gymnosporangium asiaticum (EPPO A1 List) occurs in Oklahoma causing rust on pear trees (Pyrus spp.) (Olson, 2021).
In Canada, the cyst nematode Heterodera glycines (EPPO A2 List) is causing damage on soybean. In August 2018, it was first observed in black bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) roots in a commercial field in Bruce County, Ontario. This is the first report of a naturally occurring infection associated with damage in a commercial field (Trueman et al., 2022).
In Türkiye, the root knot nematode Meloidogyne luci (EPPO Alert List) was detected during surveys conducted in 2017 in kiwi (Actinidia chinensis) orchards in Samsun province (Black Sea region). It was the dominant root knot species in the kiwi orchards (Aydingli & Mennan, 2022).
In the USA, Popillia japonica (Coleoptera: Rutelidae – EPPO A2 List) was first found in the western part of the country in Washington state in 2021, in the area of Grandview. Quarantine measures are applied in this area to prevent its further spread (WSDA, 2022).
- Eradication
In the Netherlands, Scirtothrips dorsalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae – EPPO A2 List) was found in August 2019 on Podocarpus plants for planting which had been imported from China. The pest was detected during a post-import inspection carried out in the glasshouse of a nursery (EPPO RS 2019/182). Measures were taken against the pest and in 2022, the NPPO officially declared that S. dorsalis has been eradicated (NPPO of the Netherlands, 2022).
- Absence
In Louisiana (US), the root knot nematode Meloidogyne enterolobii (EPPO A2 List) was first found in 2018 in one sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) field (EPPO RS 2020/048). Measures were taken to prevent establishment of the pest in 2018-2020. Soil samples collected in 2020 and 2021 in the infested field did not detect the nematode. Surveys conducted in 291 fields of sweet potato, soybean, cotton, and sugarcane did not detect M. enterolobii. Quarantine measures are also applied to prevent its introduction from US states where it occurs (Santos Rezende et al., 2022).
- Host plants
In Florida, the root knot nematode Meloidogyne enterolobii (EPPO A2 List) was found infesting commercial crops of Asian vegetables: Thai basil (Ocimum basilicum), Vietnamese eggplants (Solanum macrocarpon), jute (Corchorus olitorius), luffa (Luffa cylindrica), Malabar spinach (Basella alba), peririla (Perilla frutescens var. crispa), pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo), sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) (Bui et al., 2022).
Sources
Aydingli G, Mennan S (2022) Prevalence of root-knot nematodes and their effects on fruit yield in kiwifruit orchards in Samsun Province (Türkiye). Turkish Journal of Entomology 46(2), 187-197. http://dx.doi.org/10.16970/entoted.1092654
Bui HX, Gu M, Riva G, Dasaeger JA (2022) Meloidogyne spp. infecting Asian vegetables in central Florida, USA. Nematropica 52(1), 56-63. https://journals.flvc.org/nematropica/article/view/132098
INTERNET
WSDA - Washington State Department of Agriculture (2022) Japanese beetle. https://agr.wa.gov/departments/insects-pests-and-weeds/insects/japanese-beetle
NPPO of Switzerland (2022-10).
NPPO of the Netherlands (2022-07).
Olson J (2021) Pear Rust. Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service. EPP-7681, 2 pp. https://extension.okstate.edu/fact-sheets/pear-rust.html (last accessed October 2022).
Peng D, Liu H, Peng H, Jiang R, Li Y, Wang X, Ge JJ, Zhao S, Feng X, Feng M (2022) First detection of the potato cyst nematode (Globodera rostochiensis) in a major potato production region of China. Plant Disease (early view). https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-06-21-1263-PDN
Santos Rezende J, Clark CA, Sistrunk MW, Watson T (2022) Interception of Meloidogyne enterolobii on sweetpotato in Louisiana. Nematropica 52(1), 1-5. https://journals.flvc.org/nematropica/article/view/131255
Sunamura E, Tamura S, Mukai H, Tokoro M, Shoda-Kagaya E (2022) Mating behavior between alien Asian longhorned beetle Anoplophora glabripennis (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) and a native related species Anoplophora chinensis in Japan. Applied Entomology and Zoology 57, 275-281.
Trueman C, Blauel T, Abaya A, Zhang K, Gillard C (2022) First report of Heterodera glycines infecting commercial dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) in Canada. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 102(4), 935-939.