Polygraphus proximus(POLGPR)
Distribution details in Russia
Current pest situation evaluated by EPPO on the basis of information dated
2023: Present, restricted distribution
Native range: Khabarovsk and Primorsky territories, Sakhalin and Kuril Islands (Far East).
Introduced range: Leningrad, Moscow, Udmurtia (Central European Russia); Altai Republic and Territory, Kemerovo, Khakassia, Novosibirsk, Tomsk (Western Siberia); Buryatia, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk (Eastern Siberia).
EPPO Reporting Service (2011/216) : the native range of P. proximus includes the Russian Far East where it is usually considered as a secondary pest. This bark beetle has been introduced in the European part of Russia and in Siberia where it is causing tree mortality (on Abies sibirica) in taiga forests.
EPPO Reporting Service (2013/087) : also in Altay (Western Siberia).
In the Leningrad region, only one specimen of P. proximus was detected in 1999 on a Picea abies tree, the pest is not considered established in this area. In addition, A. sibirica artificial stands in parks in St. Petersburg and its surroundings have been monitored since the 2000s and no bark-beetle damage has been found (EPPO, 2014).
EPPO Reporting Service (2019/161) : first found in July 2017 in Irkutsk province.
EPPO Reporting Service (2021/173) : found for the first time in Udmurtia in 2019 (Central European Russia).
According to Kerchev et al. (2023): following the finding in Irkutsk province made in 2017 (see above) more findings were made in 2021 in the Khamar-Daban mountains (Buryatia). Spread rate was estimated at 13.6 km per year.
Introduced range: Leningrad, Moscow, Udmurtia (Central European Russia); Altai Republic and Territory, Kemerovo, Khakassia, Novosibirsk, Tomsk (Western Siberia); Buryatia, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk (Eastern Siberia).
EPPO Reporting Service (2011/216) : the native range of P. proximus includes the Russian Far East where it is usually considered as a secondary pest. This bark beetle has been introduced in the European part of Russia and in Siberia where it is causing tree mortality (on Abies sibirica) in taiga forests.
EPPO Reporting Service (2013/087) : also in Altay (Western Siberia).
In the Leningrad region, only one specimen of P. proximus was detected in 1999 on a Picea abies tree, the pest is not considered established in this area. In addition, A. sibirica artificial stands in parks in St. Petersburg and its surroundings have been monitored since the 2000s and no bark-beetle damage has been found (EPPO, 2014).
EPPO Reporting Service (2019/161) : first found in July 2017 in Irkutsk province.
EPPO Reporting Service (2021/173) : found for the first time in Udmurtia in 2019 (Central European Russia).
According to Kerchev et al. (2023): following the finding in Irkutsk province made in 2017 (see above) more findings were made in 2021 in the Khamar-Daban mountains (Buryatia). Spread rate was estimated at 13.6 km per year.
* Akulov EN, Kulinich OA, Ponomarev VL (2011) Polygraphus proximus – new invasive pest of Russian coniferous forests. Zashita i Karantin Rastenii no 7, p 34-35.
* Anonymous (2020) Справочник по карантинному фитосанитарному состоянию территорий государств - участников СНГ на 01.01.2020 г. [Handbook of quarantine phytosanitary conditions in the territories of the CIS Member States as of 2020-01-01]. All-Russian Plant Quarantine Center. 92pp. Available at https://vniikr.ru/today/intercoll/inter-coord
* Baranchikov Y, Pashenova N, Petko V (2012) United they stand: invasive association of four-eyed fir bark beetle and ophiostomal fungus destroy fir taiga forest in Siberia. Abstract of a paper presented at the 3rd meeting of IUFRO Working Unit 7.03.12 ‘Alien invasive species and international trade’ (Tokyo, JP, 2012-06-10/16)
http://hyoka.nenv.k.u-tokyo.ac.jp/alien2012/alien_abst/o04.pdf (abst.)
http://hyoka.nenv.k.u-tokyo.ac.jp/alien2012/alien_report/O04_Baranchikov.pdf (presentation).
* Belova NV, Ulanov AV, Takhtuev AS (2013) Preliminary analysis of the invasive bark beetle Polygraphus proximus occurrence in wood products moved out from Krasnoyarsk Krai. Plant Health Research and Practice 4(6), 37-43.
------- Transport (railway) of non-debarked wood of Abies sibirica (round wood/posts) is the major pathway.
* Bystrov SO, Antonov IA (2019) First record of the four-eyed fir bark beetle Polygraphus proximus Blandford, 1894 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae: Scolytinae) from Irkutsk Province, Russia. Entomological Review 99(1), 54–55.
------- Irkutsk province (Eastern Siberia).
* Chilakhsaeva EA (2008) First record of Polygraphus proximus (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) in Moscow province. Bulletin of the Moscow Society of Naturalists 113(6), 39-42.
* Chilahsaeva EA (2010) Genus Polygraphus Erichson, 1836 (Coleoptera, Scolytidae): species of Moscow region fauna survey. Bulletin of the Moscow Society of Naturalists 115(3), 48-50.
* Dedyukhin SV, Titova VV (2021) [Finding of the bark beetle Polygraphus proximus Blandford, 1894 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae: Scolytinae) in Udmurtia]. Russian Journal of Biological Invasions no. 2, 32-39 (in Russian).
* Gninenko YI, Cheelakhsaeva EA, Klukin MS (2010) New risk for European forests - ussuryjsky bark beetle Polygraphus proximus. Proceedings of the first Serbian forestry Congress - Future with Forests (Belgrade, SR, 2010-11-11/13), pp 171–172.
* INTERNET:
- Baranchikov Y, Akulov E, Astapenko S (2010) Bark beetle Polygraphus proximus: a new aggressive far eastern invader on Abies species in Siberia and European Russia. USDA Research Forum on Invasive Species GTR-NRS-P-75 http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/37559
- Chilahsaeva EA (2011) List of bark beetles (Scolytidae) of some regions of the European part of Russia. Polygraphus proximus Blandford, 1894 (Scolytidae) http://www.zin.ru/Animalia/Coleoptera/eng/polpro__.htm
* Kerchev I, Bykov R, Ilinsky Yu (2023) Expansion of the secondary range of Polygraphus proximus Blandford (Coleoptera; Curculionidae, Scolytinae): invasion of Khamar-Daban mountains (Republic of Buryatia). Acta Biologica Sibirica 9, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.14258/abs.v9.e01
* Legalov AA (2022) A checklist of bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) from Siberia and the Russian Far East. Acta Biologica Sibirica 8, 623-646. https://doi.org/10.14258/abs.v8.e39
------- Altai Republic, Altay Territory, Irkutsk, Kemerovo, Khabarovsk, Khakassia, Krasnoyarsk, Kuriles Isl., Novosibirsk, Primorye, Sakhalin Isl., Tomsk.
* Musolin DL, Kirichenko NI, Karpun NN, Aksenenko EV, Golub VB, Kerchev IA, Mandelshtam MY, Vasaitis R, Volkovitsh MG, Zhuravleva EN, Selikhovkin AV (2022) Invasive insect pests of forests and urban trees in Russia: origin, pathways, damage, and management. Forests 13(4), 521. https://doi.org/10.3390/f13040521
* Anonymous (2020) Справочник по карантинному фитосанитарному состоянию территорий государств - участников СНГ на 01.01.2020 г. [Handbook of quarantine phytosanitary conditions in the territories of the CIS Member States as of 2020-01-01]. All-Russian Plant Quarantine Center. 92pp. Available at https://vniikr.ru/today/intercoll/inter-coord
* Baranchikov Y, Pashenova N, Petko V (2012) United they stand: invasive association of four-eyed fir bark beetle and ophiostomal fungus destroy fir taiga forest in Siberia. Abstract of a paper presented at the 3rd meeting of IUFRO Working Unit 7.03.12 ‘Alien invasive species and international trade’ (Tokyo, JP, 2012-06-10/16)
http://hyoka.nenv.k.u-tokyo.ac.jp/alien2012/alien_abst/o04.pdf (abst.)
http://hyoka.nenv.k.u-tokyo.ac.jp/alien2012/alien_report/O04_Baranchikov.pdf (presentation).
* Belova NV, Ulanov AV, Takhtuev AS (2013) Preliminary analysis of the invasive bark beetle Polygraphus proximus occurrence in wood products moved out from Krasnoyarsk Krai. Plant Health Research and Practice 4(6), 37-43.
------- Transport (railway) of non-debarked wood of Abies sibirica (round wood/posts) is the major pathway.
* Bystrov SO, Antonov IA (2019) First record of the four-eyed fir bark beetle Polygraphus proximus Blandford, 1894 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae: Scolytinae) from Irkutsk Province, Russia. Entomological Review 99(1), 54–55.
------- Irkutsk province (Eastern Siberia).
* Chilakhsaeva EA (2008) First record of Polygraphus proximus (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) in Moscow province. Bulletin of the Moscow Society of Naturalists 113(6), 39-42.
* Chilahsaeva EA (2010) Genus Polygraphus Erichson, 1836 (Coleoptera, Scolytidae): species of Moscow region fauna survey. Bulletin of the Moscow Society of Naturalists 115(3), 48-50.
* Dedyukhin SV, Titova VV (2021) [Finding of the bark beetle Polygraphus proximus Blandford, 1894 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae: Scolytinae) in Udmurtia]. Russian Journal of Biological Invasions no. 2, 32-39 (in Russian).
* Gninenko YI, Cheelakhsaeva EA, Klukin MS (2010) New risk for European forests - ussuryjsky bark beetle Polygraphus proximus. Proceedings of the first Serbian forestry Congress - Future with Forests (Belgrade, SR, 2010-11-11/13), pp 171–172.
* INTERNET:
- Baranchikov Y, Akulov E, Astapenko S (2010) Bark beetle Polygraphus proximus: a new aggressive far eastern invader on Abies species in Siberia and European Russia. USDA Research Forum on Invasive Species GTR-NRS-P-75 http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/37559
- Chilahsaeva EA (2011) List of bark beetles (Scolytidae) of some regions of the European part of Russia. Polygraphus proximus Blandford, 1894 (Scolytidae) http://www.zin.ru/Animalia/Coleoptera/eng/polpro__.htm
* Kerchev I, Bykov R, Ilinsky Yu (2023) Expansion of the secondary range of Polygraphus proximus Blandford (Coleoptera; Curculionidae, Scolytinae): invasion of Khamar-Daban mountains (Republic of Buryatia). Acta Biologica Sibirica 9, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.14258/abs.v9.e01
* Legalov AA (2022) A checklist of bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) from Siberia and the Russian Far East. Acta Biologica Sibirica 8, 623-646. https://doi.org/10.14258/abs.v8.e39
------- Altai Republic, Altay Territory, Irkutsk, Kemerovo, Khabarovsk, Khakassia, Krasnoyarsk, Kuriles Isl., Novosibirsk, Primorye, Sakhalin Isl., Tomsk.
* Musolin DL, Kirichenko NI, Karpun NN, Aksenenko EV, Golub VB, Kerchev IA, Mandelshtam MY, Vasaitis R, Volkovitsh MG, Zhuravleva EN, Selikhovkin AV (2022) Invasive insect pests of forests and urban trees in Russia: origin, pathways, damage, and management. Forests 13(4), 521. https://doi.org/10.3390/f13040521
| Country | State | Status | |
|---|---|---|---|
| China | Heilongjiang | Present, no details | |
| China | Jilin | Present, no details | |
| China | Present, no details | ||
| Estonia | Absent, confirmed by survey | ||
| Finland | Absent, confirmed by survey | ||
| Kazakhstan | Absent, unreliable record | ||
| Korea Dem. People's Republic | Present, no details |