* Webber JF, Hansen EM (1990) Susceptibility of European and N.W. American conifers to the North American vascular pathogen Leptographium wageneri. European Journal of Forest Pathology 20, 347-354.
-------L. wagneri var. pseudotsugae. In experiments. Low infection levels and never killed
* Pinon J (1986) Situation de Melampsora medusae en Europe. Bulletin OEPP/EPPO Bulletin 16, 547-551.
------- infection reported after following inoculation studies.
* Pinon J (1986) Situation de Melampsora medusae en Europe. Bulletin OEPP/EPPO Bulletin 16, 547-551.
------- infection reported after following inoculation studies.
* Pinon J (1986) Situation de Melampsora medusae en Europe. Bulletin OEPP/EPPO Bulletin 16, 547-551.
------- infection reported after following inoculation studies.
* Pinon J (1986) Situation de Melampsora medusae en Europe. Bulletin OEPP/EPPO Bulletin 16, 547-551.
------- infection reported after following inoculation studies.
* Nealis VG, Turnquist R & Garbutt R (2004) Defoliation of juvenile western hemlock by western black-headed budworm in Pacific coastal Forests. Forest Ecology and Management 198, 291-301.
* Mathiasen R (2002) First report of white fir dwarf mistletoe on mountain hemlock. Plant Disease 86, 1274.
------- Arceuthobium abietinum subsp. abietinum.
* Furniss RL, Carolin VM (1977) Western forest insects (Scolytidae, Platypodidae). Miscellaneous Publications, United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service No. 1339, pp. 1-654
* Choi D, Harrington TC, Shaw DC, Stewart JE, Klopfenstein NB, Kroese DR, Kim MS (2023) Phylogenetic analyses allow species-level recognition of Leptographium wageneri varieties that cause black stain root disease of conifers in western North America. Frontiers in Plant Science 14, 1286157.
------- isolate on this species. L. wageneri var. ponderosum
* Webber JF, Hansen EM (1990) Susceptibility of European and N.W. American conifers to the North American vascular pathogen Leptographium wageneri. European Journal of Forest Pathology 20, 347-354.
------- var. ponderosum & var. pseudotsugae. In experiments. Low infection levels and never killed
* Choi D, Harrington TC, Shaw DC, Stewart JE, Klopfenstein NB, Kroese DR, Kim MS (2023) Phylogenetic analyses allow species-level recognition of Leptographium wageneri varieties that cause black stain root disease of conifers in western North America. Frontiers in Plant Science 14, 1286157.
------- isolate on this species
* Webber JF, Hansen EM (1990) Susceptibility of European and N.W. American conifers to the North American vascular pathogen Leptographium wageneri. European Journal of Forest Pathology 20, 347-354.
------- experimental. In experiments. Low infection levels and never killed
* Akbulut S, Stamps WT (2012) Insect vectors of the pinewood nematode: a review of the biology and ecology of Monochamus species. Forest Pathology 42(2), 89-99. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0329.2011.00733.x
* Lindquist EE, Wu KW (1991) Review of mites of the genus Mucroseius (Acari, Mesostigmata, Ascidae) associated with sawyer beetles (Cerambycidae, Monochamus and Mecynippus) and pine wood nematodes Aphelenchoididae, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner And Buhrer) Nickle, with descriptions of 6 new species from Japan and North-America, and notes on their previous misidentification. Canadian Entomologist 123(4), 875-927.
* Hawksworth FG, Wiens D (1996) Dwarf mistletoes: Biology, pathology, and systematics. USDA - Forest Service. Agriculture Handbook 709, 429 pp.
------- Principal host for A. tsugense subsp. mertensianae and rare host of A. tusgense subsp. tsugense.
* Oblinger BW (2021) Susceptibility of sugar pine, Shasta red fir and Sierra lodgepole pine to mountain hemlock dwarf mistletoe (Arceuthobium tsugense subsp. mertensianae, Viscaceae) in south central Oregon. Forest Pathology, e12693. https://doi.org/10.1111/efp.12693
* Maine Forest Service (2001) Hemlock looper Lambdina fiscellaria (Gn.). Maine Department of Conservation. https://www.maine.gov/dacf/mfs/forest_health/insects/hemlock_looper.htm
------- Lambdina fiscellaria fiscellaria
