* EPPO (2024) EPPO Technical Document No. 1091. Pest risk analysis for Chloridea virescens. EPPO, Paris. Available at https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/HELIVI/documents
------- Doubtful host. See details in Annex 6 of the PRA.
* Stamova L, Sotirova V (1987) Reaction of different crops to artificial inoculation with Corynebacterium michiganense (E.F. Sm.) H.L. Jensen. Archiv fur Phytopathologie und Pflanzenschutz 23, 211–216.
------- Experimental. Causing wilted leaflets. Not confirmed in other publications. Pending confirmation, all monocotyledonous host plants reported by Stamova & Satirova (1987) are considered doubtful.
* González-Jartín JM, Alfonso A, Sainz MJ, Vieytes MR, Aguín O, Ferreiroa V, Botana LM (2019) First report of Fusarium foetens as a mycotoxin producer. Mycotoxin Research 35, 177-186.
-------- Isolated from kernels but asymptomatic. Host status would need to be further studied.
* van der Wolf JM, van Beckhoven JRCM, Hakkunen A, Karjalainen R, Müller P (2005) Fate of Clavibacter michiganensis ssp. sepedonicus, the causal organism of bacterial ring rot of potato, in weeds and field crops. Journal of Phytopathology 153, 358-365.
* Babatola JO (1979) Varietal reaction of rice and other food crops to the rice-root nematodes, Hirschmanniella oryzae, H. imamuri and H. spinicaudata. Nematropica 9, 123-128.
* Sharma SB (2001) Plant parasitic nematodes in rice-wheat based cropping systems in South Asia. Journal of Crop Production 4, 227-247.
------- It is not specified whether the nematode was found in the roots or in the soil.
* Siddiqi MR (1973) Hirschmanniella oryzae. C.I.H. Descriptions of plant-parasitic nematodes 2. CIP, St. Albans, UK.
* Anonymous (1960) Index of Plant Diseases in the United States. Agriculture Handbook no 165, USDA-ARS (US) 531 pp.
------- noted as host.
* Lyda SD, 1978. Ecology of Phymatotrichum omnivorum. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 16, 193–209. Available
online: http://annurev.py.16.090178.001205
-------- in experiments, lesions were visible on the corn roots from infested soil but no P. omnivorum could be recovered. Can affect corn plants in sterile medium, but not in fields.
* Uppalapati SR, Young CA, Marek SM, Mysore KS (2010) Phymatotrichum (cotton) root rot caused by Phymatotrichopsis omnivora: Retrospects and prospects. Molecular Plant Pathology 11(3), 325-334.
------- noted as non host.
* Simango K, Slabbert CP, van der Waals JE (2020) Alternative hosts of Spongospora subterranea f. sp. subterranea in southern Africa. Eur J Plant Pathol 157(6), 421–424. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-020-01993-z
* Ji C, Ou J, Xu D, Pan R (2014) First report of corn bacterial leaf stripe caused by Acidovorax avenae in Guangdong Province, China. Plant Disease 98(10), p 1424.
* Pont AC, Magpayo FR (1995) Muscid shoot-flies of the Philippine Islands (Diptera, Muscidae, genus Atherigona Rondani). Bulletin of Entomological Research, Supplement 3, 1–123.
* Añino YJ, Zumba-Zhongor M, Naranjo-Morán JA, Rodríguez R, Santos-Murgas A, Zachrisson B (2020) Primer reporte de Brachyplatys subaeneus (Westwood) (Heteroptera: Plataspidae) en Ecuador y el listado sinóptico de sus plantas hospedantes. IDESIA (Chile) 38(1), 113-118.
* Harveson RM, Schwartz HF, Urrea CA, Yonts CD (2015) Bacterial wilt of dry-edible beans in the central high plains of the U.S.: past, present, and future. Plant Disease 99, 1665–1677.
------- When grown in rotation with infected dry bean crops. Maize was also infected by Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. nebraskensis.
* Pan F, Li F, Mao Y, Liu D, Chen A, Zhao D, Hu Y (2021) First detection of Ditylenchus destructor parasitizing maize in Northeast China. Life 11, 1303. https://doi.org/10.3390/life11121303
------- Affected maize plants were stunted. Host status confirmed by inoculation experiments.
* Andaloussi FA, Bachikh J (2001) Studies on the host range of Ditylenchus dipsaci in Morocco. Nematologia Mediterranea 29, 51-57.
* Hooper D.J (1972) Ditylenchus dipsaci. CIH Descriptions of Plant-parasitic Nematodes Set 1, No. 14.
* Goodey JB, Franklin MT, Hooper DJ (1965) T. Goodey's: The Nematode Parasites of Plants Catalogued Under Their Hosts. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Farnham Royal, Bucks, England. Third edition, 214 pp.
* Purcell AH, Frazier NW (1985) Habitats and dispersal of the principal leafhopper vectors of Pierce's disease bacterium in the San Joaquin Valley. Hilgardia 53(4), 1-32.
------- Feeding host.
* Gill HK, Capinera JL, McSorley R (2017) Featured Creatures. Lesser cornstalk borer. Elasmopalpus lignosellus (Zeller) (Insecta: lepidoptera: Pyralidae). University of Florida (US). http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/field/lesser_cornstalk_borer.htm
* Sandhu HS (2010) Biology and cultural control of lesser cornstalk borer on sugarcane. PhD thesis. University of Florida. https://ufdcimages.uflib.ufl.edu/UF/E0/04/14/72/00001/sandhu_h.pdf
* Xavier LMS, Laumann RA, Borges M, Magalhães DM, Vilela EF, Blassioli-Moraes MC (2011) Trichogramma pretiosum attraction due to the Elasmopalpus lignosellus damage in maize. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 46(6), 578-585.
* Jensen SG, Lane LC, Seifers DL (1996) A new disease of maize and wheat in the High Plains. Plant Disease 80, 1387–1390.
* Seifers DL, Harvey TL, Martin TJ, Jensen SG (1998) A partial host range of the High Plains virus of corn and wheat. Plant Disease 82, 875–879.
* Tatineni S, Hein GL (2021) High Plains wheat mosaic virus: An enigmatic disease of wheat and corn causing the High Plains disease. Molecular Plant Pathology, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1111/mpp.13113
* Biddinger DJ, Howitt AJ (1992) The food plants and distribution of the American plum borer (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). The Great Lakes Entomologist 25(3), 149-158. https://scholar.valpo.edu/tgle/vol25/iss3/2
* Cao W, Wang R, Cao J, Gao J, Zhao X, Gan L, Zhu C (2022) Genome‐wide identification and characterization of long noncoding RNAs in maize under rice black streaked dwarf virus infection. Plant Pathology 71(3), 741-749.
* Drenkhan R, Ganley B, Martín-García J, Vahalík P, Adamson K, Adamčíková K, Ahumada R, Blank L et al. (2020) Global geographic distribution and host range of Fusarium circinatum, the causal agent of pine pitch canker. Forests 11(7), 724.
------- Natural non-Pinus host.
* Villanueva-Barradas J, Carrillo H, Pina J (1986) Distribución en México de Myndus crudus, Van Duzee (Homoptera: Cixiidae), vector del amarillamiento letal del cocotero. XII Congreso Nacional de Entomologia (Monterrey, MX, 1986-03-16/19), pp.16-19.
------- Nymph host.
* De Luca F, Vovlas N, Lucarelli G, Troccoli A, Radicci V, Fanelli E, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete C, Palomares Rius JE, Castillo P (2013) Heterodera elachista the Japanese cyst nematode parasitizing corn in Northern Italy: integrative diagnosis and bionomics. European Journal of Plant Pathology 136(4), 857-872.
-------Found in maize crop in 2012 in Emilia-Romagna, Italy.
* Xiao DX, Feng YX, Zhou Y, Xuan YH, Chen LJ, Wang YY, Liu XY, Duan YX, Zhu XF (2019) First report of Heterodera elachista on Zea mays and Echinochloa crusgalli var. mitis in Liaoning Province, China. Plant Disease 103(6), 1433-1434.
------- On roots of maize (Liaoning province, China). No above ground symptoms were observed.
* Turner WF, Pollard HN (1959) Life histories and behavior of five insect vectors of phony peach disease. United States Department of Agriculture, Technical Bulletin 1188, 28 pp.
-------- Feeding host.
* Damon A (2000) A review of the biology and control of the coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei (Coleoptera: Scolytidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research 90(6), 453-465.
* Marchioro M, Vallotto D, Ruzzier E, Besana L, Rossini M, Ortis G, Faccoli M, Martinez-Sañudo I (2023) Scolytinae former Cryphalini host plant dataset. Avalaible in Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7925274
* Doering KC (1942) Host plant records of Cercopidae in North America, North of Mexico (Homoptera) (continued). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 15(3), 73-92.
------- Nymphs found feeding on this plant.
* He CX, Wu WW, Wang SF, Wang LZ (2001) Host plants and feeding preferences of Liriomyza huidobrensis. Acta Entomologica Sinica 44, 384-388.
* Salvo A, Valladares G (1997) An analysis of leaf-miner and plant host ranges of three Chrysocharis species (Chalcidoidea: Eulophidae) from Argentina. Entomophaga 42, 387-396.
* Scheffer SJ, Lewis ML, Joshi RC (2006) DNA barcoding applied to invasive leafminers (Diptera: Agromyzidae) in the Philippines. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 99, 204-210.
* Lima E A, Mattos J K, Moita A W, Carneiro R G & Carneiro R M D G (2009) Host status of different crops for Meloidogyne ethiopica control. Tropical Plant Pathology 34, 152-157.
------In experiments, cv. 'AG 50 20' was found to be a good host (RF>= 1)
* Rusinque L, Maleita C, Abrantes I, Palomares-Rius JE, Inácio ML (2021) Meloidogyne graminicola - A threat to rice production: review update on distribution, biology, identification, and management. Biology 10, 1163. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology10111163
* Soares MR, Carneiro RM, Dias-Arieira C (2022) Response of different crops and weeds to three biotypes of Meloidogyne graminicola: crop rotation and succession strategies for irrigated rice fields. Nematology 24(5), 589-597.
------- in experiment in Brazil, maize is recorded as a 'non-host' (RF<1).
* Sen F, Aydinli (2021) Host status of cultivated crops to Meloidogyne luci. European Journal of Plant Pathology 161(3), 607-618.
------- In experiments, cultivars tested showed variable host status from poor host (Apex, Merit F1), to good host (cvs. Otello, Sy Lucroso).
* Strajnar P, Širca S, Knapič M & Urek G (2011) Effect of Slovenian climatic conditions on the development and survival of the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne ethiopica. European Journal of Plant Pathology 129, 81-88
-------In experiments, breeding line PR38F70 SI was found to be a good host (RF = 2.8)
* Lanteri AA, Marvaldi AE, Suárez SM (2002) Gorgojos de la Argentina y sus plantas huéspedes. Tomo I: Apionidae y Curculionidae. Publicación Especial de la Sociedad Entomológica Argentina 1, 98 pp.
* Caballero VC (1972) Algunos aspectos de la biología y control de Naupactus xanthographus Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) en durazneros en Chile. Rev Peru Entomol. 15(1):190–194
------- adult feeding only.
* Oldham JN (1928) Hieroxestis subcervinella, Wlk., an enemy of the banana in the Canary Islands. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 19(2), 147-166.
-------"the number of maize plants which were infected was very small".
* Cui L, Zou C, Zhang Z, Duan L, Huang J, Wang L, Xiao W, Yang X, Xiang Y, Li W, Li X (2023) First report of maize white spot disease caused by Pantoea ananatis in China. Plant Disease 107(1), 210. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-01-22-0152-PDN
* Goszczynska T, Botha WJ, Venter SN, Coutinho TA (2004) Isolation and identification of the causal agent of brown stalk rot, a new disease of maize in South Africa. Plant Disease 91(6), 711-718.
* Toaza A, Caiza RB, Garrido A, Moreno C, Guevara JL, Regalado H, Ramos L, Flores F, Garrido P (2021) First report of Pantoea ananatis causing leaf spot disease of maize in Ecuador. Plant Disease 105(10), 3286. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-02-21-0298-PDN
* Hoover GA, Biddinger DJ (2014) Omnivorous leafroller, Platynota stultana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Penn State Extension Pest Alert. https://ento.psu.edu/files/omnivorous-leafroller/view
* Powell JA (1983) Expanding geographical and ecological range of Platynota stultana in California. Pan–Pacific Entomologist 59, 233–239.
* Agboyi LK, Agboton C, Komlan W, Brimah H, Manuele T (2016) La cicadelle ecumeuse Poophilus costalis (Walker), une nouvelle menace pour la production de maïs (Zea mays) au Togo: écologie, dynamique de sa population et agents de lutte biologique endogènes. Poster presented a t a Conference (Journées Scientifiques Internationales de Lomé).
* Brito R, Specht A, Gonçalves GL, Moreira GRP, Carneiro E, Santos FL, Roque-Specht VF, Mielke OHH, Casagrande MM (2019) Spodoptera marima: a new synonym of Spodoptera ornithogalli (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), with notes on adult morphology, host plant use and genetic variation along its geographic range. Neotropical Entomology 48(3), 433-448.
* Capinera JL (2017) Yellowstriped Armyworm, Spodoptera ornithogalli (Guenée) (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida /IFAS Extension, EENY216, 4p. https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/pdffiles/IN/IN37300.pdf
* Comstock JA (1965) Ciclo biologico de Prodenia ornithogalli Guenée (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Serie Zoologia 36, 199-202.
* Coto D, Saunders JL, Vargas-S CL, King ABS (1995) Plagas invertebradas de cultivos tropicales con énfasis em América Central-Um invetário. Turrialba, CATIE, 200 pp.
* Crumb SE (1929) Tobacco cutworms. USDA Technical Bulletin 88, p 179.
* Poveda BD, Schwitzer DA (1964) Estudio biológico del Prodenia ornithogalli Guen. y del Prodenia sunia (Guen.) en três hospedeiros. Acta Agronômica 14(1), 71-101.
* Rings RW, Musick GJ (1976) A pictorial field key to the armyworms and cutworms attacking corn in the north central States. Research Circular, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center no. 221, 36 pp.
* Robinson GS, Ackery PR, Kitching IJ, Beccaloni GW, Hernández LM (2010) HOSTS - A Database of the World's Lepidopteran Hostplants. Natural History Museum, London. http://www.nhm.ac.uk/hosts
* British Columbia Ministry of Agriculture. Western yellowstriped armyworm (Spodoptera praefica). https://rdno.civicweb.net/document/127358/western-yellowstriped-armyworm.pdf?handle=3CD053B4F8D54F9CBB93F8D6D5572C27
* University of California. Agriculture & Natural Resources. UC IPM. Maize. Western yellowstriped armyworm. http://ipm.ucanr.edu/PMG/r113300811.html
* Remes Lenicov AMM, Virla E, Manca M (1998) Difusión de Tapajosa rubromarginata (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) sobre cultivos cerealeros de la Argentina. Revista de la Sociedad Entomológica Argentina 57(1-4), 18.
* Sartiami D, Mound LA (2013) Identification of the terebrantian thrips (Insecta, Thysanoptera) associated with cultivated plants in Java, Indonesia. ZooKeys 306, 1–21. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.306.5455
------- Collected from this plant in Java (Indonesia).
* Elizondo AI, Murguido CA, Pérez I, Piedra F, Peña E, Martínez M, Martell M, de los Ángeles Fernández M, Sariol H, Rodríguez S, Jiménez R, Granda G, Palacios F (2003) Thrips palmi Karny en la agricultura cubana. Fitosanidad 7(2), 1-9.
* Sartiami D, Mound LA (2013) Identification of the terebrantian thrips (Insecta, Thysanoptera) associated with cultivated plants in Java, Indonesia. ZooKeys 306, 1–21. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.306.5455
------- Collected from this plant in Java (Indonesia).
Trichoderma afroharzianum is associated with various substrates (e.g. soil, roots, fungi) and is sued as a biocontrol agent. However, in some cases, it has been associated with symptoms of ear rot on maize.
* Pfordt A, Schiwek S, Karlovsky P, von Tiedemann A (2020) Trichoderma afroharzianum ear rot – A new disease on maize in Europe. Frontiers in Agronomy 2, 547758. https://doi.org/10.3389/fagro.2020.547758
* Sanna M, Pugliese M, Gullino ML, Mezzalama M (2022) First report of Trichoderma afroharzianum causing seed rot on maize in Italy. Plant Disease (early view). https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-12-21-2697-PDN
* Bridge J, Plowright RA, Peng D (2005) Nematode parasites of rice. In: Plant parasitic nematodes in subtropical and tropical agriculture (eds Luc M, Sikora RA, Bridge J), pp. 87-130.
* Lu C, Wu Y, Ho H, Mao Z, He Y (2014) Identification of races and mating types of Cochliobolus carbonum from corn in the Yunnan province in China. Journal of Phytopathology 162(5), 313-321.
* Genov N, Mitrovic J, Genov M, Duduk B (2014) First report of corn reddening caused by 'Candidatus Phytoplasma solani' in Bulgaria. Plant Disease 98(7), p 991.
* Kovacevic M, Ðuric Z, Jovic J, Perkovic G, Lolic B, Hrncic S, Toševski I,Delic D (2014) First report of stolbur phytoplasma associated with maize redness disease of maize in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Plant Disease 98(3), p 418.
* Quaglino F, Zhao Y, Casati P, Bulgari D, Bianco PA, Wei W, Davis RE (2013) ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma solani’, a novel taxon associated with stolbur- and bois noir-related diseases of plants. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 63, 2879-2894.
* Bayram A, Tonğa A (2015) First report of Chilo partellus in Turkey, a new invasive maize pest for Europe. Journal of Applied Entomology. doi: 10.1111/jen.12232
* Webster BT, Curland RD, Hirsch CD, McNally RR, Malvick DK, Ishimaru CA (2020) Genetic diversity and phylogeny of strains of Clavibacter nebraskensis associated with recent and historic Goss's wilt epidemics in the north Central USA. Plant Patholology 69(8): 990– 1002. https://doi.org/10.1111/ppa.13185
* Branson TF, Ortman EE (1967) Host range of larvae of the northern corn rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 40(3), 412-414.
------- Confirmed host.
* Oyediran IO, French BW, Clark TL, Dashiell KE, Hibbard BE (2008) Prairie grasses as hosts of the northern corn rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Environmental Entomology 37, 247-254.
* Clark SM, LeDoux DG, Seeno TN, Riley EG, Gilbert AJ, Sullivan JM (2004) Host plants of leaf beetle species occurring in the United States and Canada (Coleoptera: Megalopodidae, Orsodacnidae, Chrysomelidae, excluding Bruchinae). Coleopterists Society, Special Publication 2, 1-476.
------- Larval host.
* Clark SM, LeDoux DG, Seeno TN, Riley EG, Gilbert AJ, Sullivan JM (2004) Host plants of leaf beetle species occurring in the United States and Canada (Coleoptera: Megalopodidae, Orsodacnidae, Chrysomelidae, excluding Bruchinae). Coleopterists Society, Special Publication 2, 1-476.
-------- Larval and adult host.
* Clark SM, LeDoux DG, Seeno TN, Riley EG, Gilbert AJ, Sullivan JM (2004) Host plants of leaf beetle species occurring in the United States and Canada (Coleoptera: Megalopodidae, Orsodacnidae, Chrysomelidae, excluding Bruchinae). Coleopterists Society, Special Publication 2, 615 pp.
------- Larval host.
* Showler AT, Wilson BE, Reagan TE (2012) Mexican rice borer, Eoreuma loftini (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) injury to corn greater than to sorghum and sugarcane under field conditions. Journal of Economic Entomology 105(5), 1597-1602.
* Johnson MW, Stinner RE, Rabb RL (1975) Ovipositional response of Heliothis zea (Boddie) to its major hosts in North Carolina. Environmental Entomology 4(2), 291-297.
* Reay-Jones FPF (2019) Pest status and management of corn earworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in field corn in the United States. Journal of Integrated Pest Management 10(1) 19. https://doi.org/10.1093/jipm/pmz017
* Abdallah M, Mwatawala MW, Kudra AB (2016) Abundance and dispersal of Heteronychus arator (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in maize fields under different fertilizer treatments. SpringerPlus 5, 179. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40064-016-1847-8
* Drinkwater TW, Groenewald LH (1994) Comparison of imidacloprid and furathiocarb seed dressing insecticides for the control of the black maize beetle, Heteronychus arator Fabricius (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), in maize. Crop Protection, 13(6), 421-424
* Kain WM & Barker MA (1966) Argentine stem weevil: a pest of maize: Proceedings of the 19th Weed and Pest Control Conference, pp. 180-185. Sigma Print, Petone, Dunedin, New Zealand
------- Severe damage in crops following infested pasture.
* Morrone JJ (2011) Annotated checklist of the tribe Listroderini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Cyclominae). Zootaxa 3119, 1-68.
* Riley T, Keaster A, Enns W (1974) Four species of wireworms of the genus Melanotus associated with corn in Missouri. Journal of Economic Entomology 67(6), 793.
* Belton EM (1988) Lepidoptera on fruit crops in Canada, Simon Fraser University, Dept. of Biological Sciences, Pest Management Program, Burnaby, BC. 105 pp.
* Heppner JB (2003) Lepidoptera of Florida. Part 1. Introduction and catalog. Volume 17 of Arthropods of Florida and neighboring land areas. Division of Plant Industry. Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services. Gainesville, Florida. 670 pp.
* Robinson GS, Ackery PR, Kitching IJ, Beccaloni GW & Hernández LM (2010) HOST - A database of the world's Lepidopteran hostplants. Natural History Museum, London. https://www.nhm.ac.uk (Accessed on 7 December 2020 and 21 March 2021)
* Webster RL (1916) The white-marked tussock-moth. Circular. Paper 33. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/iaes_circulars/39
* Valle-Torres J, Ross TJ, Plewa D, Avellaneda MC, Check J, Chilvers MI, Cruz AP, Dalla Lana F, Groves C, Gongora-Canul C, Henriquez-Dole L, Jamann T, Kleczewski N, Lipps S, Malvick D, McCoy AG, Mueller DS, Paul PA, Puerto C, Schloemer C, Raid RN, Robertson A, Roggenkamp EM, Smith DL, Telenko DEP, Cruz CD (2020) Tar spot: An understudied disease threatening corn production in the Americas. Plant Disease 104(10), 2541-2550.
* Jiang J, Zhou X (2002) Maize dwarf mosaic disease in different regions of China is caused by Sugarcane mosaic virus . Archives of Virology 147, 2437–2443.
* Muatinte BL, Van den berg J (2019) Suitability of Wild Host Plants and Firewood as Hosts of Prostephanus truncatus (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) in Mozambique. Journal of Economic Entomology 112(4), 1705–1712, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toz042
------- confirmed host
* Barontini JM, Malavera AP, Ferrer M, Torrico AK, Maurino MF, Giménez Pecci MP (2021) Infection with Spiroplasma kunkelii on temperate and tropical x temperate maize in Argentina and development of a tool to evaluate germplasm. European Journal of Plant Pathology 162, 455–463.
* Carloni E, Carpane P, Paradell S, Laguna I, Giménez Pecci MP (2013) Presence of Dalbulus maidis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) and of Spiroplasma kunkelii in the Temperate Region of Argentina. Journal of Economic Entomology 106(4), 1574-1581.
* Nault LR (1980) Maize bushy stunt and corn stunt: a comparison of disease symptoms, pathogen host ranges, and vectors. Phytopathology 70, 659–662.
* Smith D, Niederhauser J (1958) Occurrence of corn stunt virus in Central America and Colombia. Plant Disease Reporter 42, p 152.
* Maruthadurai R, Ramesh R (2020) Occurrence, damage pattern and biology of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on fodder crops and green amaranth in Goa, India. Phytoparasitica 18(1), 15-23.
* Montezano DG, Specht A, Sosa-Gómez DR, Roque-Specht VF, Sousa-Silva JC, Paula-Moraes SV, Peterson JA, Hunt T (2018) Host plants of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in the Americas. African Entomology 26, 286-300.
* Nurkomar I, Trisnawati DW, Fahmi F, Buchori D (2023) Survival, development, and fecundity of Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on various host plant species and their Implication for pest management. Insects 14(7), 629. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects14070629
--------- Laboratory experiments conducted in Indonesia, maize was found to be the most suitable host.
* George D, Babalola OO, Gatehouse AMR (2011) Differential protein expression in maize (Zea mays) in response to insect attack. African Journal of Biotechnology 10(39), 7700-7709.
* Salama HS, Dimetry NZ, Salem SA (1970) On the host preference and biology of the cotton leaf worm Spodoptera littoralis Bois. Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie 67(1-4), 261–266.
* Ahmad M, Ghaffar A, Rafiq M (2013) Host plants of leaf worm, Spodoptera litura (Fabricius)(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Pakistan. Asian Journal of Agriculture and Biology 1(1), 23-28.
* Ndemah R & Schulthess F (2002) Yield of maize in relation to natural field infestations and damage by lepidopteran borers in the forest and forest/savanna transition zones of Cameroon. Insect Science and its Application. 22: 3, 183-192.
* Reed W (1974) The false codling moth, Cryptophlebia leucotreta Mayr. (Lepidoptera: Olethreutidae) as a pest of cotton in Uganda. Cotton Growing Review 51: 213-225.
